Elevator



(No Model.)

ELEVATOR.

Patented O ot. 9, 1888.

N PETEHS, Phownuwgmpher. wuhnglun. D. C.

nire STATES Param trier..

VILLIAllIE. NICKERSON, OF CAMBRIDGE, ll'IASSAGI-IUSETTS.

ELEVATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 390.797, dated October 9, 1888.

Application filed December .'i, 1887. Serial No. 259,1SEZ. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

Beit known that I, WILLIAM E. NroKEn- SON, of Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Eleva tors, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification. l

The object of my invention is to construct an apparatus which, by a direct and simple action, shall regulate and control the velocity of the descent of an elevator. This object I attain by the mechanism shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l shows in elevation, on asmall scale, an elevator and my velocity-controlling device attached. Fig. 2 shows in elevation a cylinder with its Valves and piston and connected parts, which constitute my velocity-controllin g device. Fig. 3 shows in elevation a simple device for transmitting the motion allowed by the velocity-controlling device to the elevator1` carriage. Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan of a detail, and Fig. 5 is a section taken on line X Y of Fig. L

My velocitycontrolling device is based upon the retardation, in a cylinder full of iiuid, ofa piston through or by which the said Huid may pass more or less rapidly as it (the piston) nieves in the cylinder.

In the drawings, A, Figs. l and 2, represents a cylinder' having an air-tight base, B, secured to its lower end by bolts C and C, and at its upper end a shorter overflow-cylinder, D. These two cylinders may be attached to each other by llanges D D and bolts D D3. The upper end of the overilowcylinder D has a cap, D2, and a wastecup, D.

Within the cylinder A, I have a piston', E, connected by a piston-rod, E, to aforked housing-piece, F, to the upper end of which I have boxes H, which serve for bearings for thejournal H of the pulley IP.

K, Figs. l and 2, is a rope, one end ofwhieh is made fast to the beam M, Fig. 1, as shown at V. This rope K passes around the pulley IP, then upward, as indicated at K', around the pulley L, thence downward, as indicated at K2, to the elevator I. By this arrangement of the rope K K K2 and the pulleys H2 and L, I am enabled to have the elevator move a distance which is about twice the distance that the piston E moves. By inserting another pulley and making the proper rope connections the motion of the elevator may be four times that of the pistou E', as is well known to mechanics. y

I will now describe more particularly the action of the piston E', referring to Figs. 4 and 5. This piston is made to work comparatively tight in the cylinder A, and is provided with a series of openings, RR, through which the uid in the cylinder A may pass as the piston traverses the cylinder.

T is a large orifice made in the piston, and is provided with a check-valve, T', so that during the upward movement, which corresponds to the downward movement of the elevator-carriage, no fluid can pass through the orifice T, the only passage being through the openings R; but in the downward passage of the piston corresponding to the upward passage of the elevator-carriage the valve T opens and admits the free passage of the fluid through the piston-that is, the piston E offers no resistance to the upward passage of the elevator.

I will now explain thc use of the overflowcylinder D. If we suppose the cylinder A to be completely filled with fluid, when the piston E is at its highest point-that is, near the disk S-it will be evident that when it is at its lowest point, as shown in Fig. 2, then a great part ofthe length of the piston-rod E is also within this cylinder A, and to allow for the space now occupied by the piston-rod E Some of the Huid within the cylinder A must escape. To provide for this escape, I have an opening, S, made in the disk S, Fig. 2, so that as the rod E descends and occupies the space within the cylinder A the fluid may escape into the overliow-cylinder D, and there remain until a counter-movement of the rod E takes place. To allow the oil in the overflow-cylinder Dto freely pass back into the cylinder A during the upward stroke ofthe piston, I make a downwardlybpening valve, S2.

The weight ofthe wheel H2, the parts F and II, the piston-rod E, and the piston E eombined constitute together a counter-Weight for the elevator.

I claim- In au elevttor-regulating device, the combination of the piston rod E, pistou E, hav ing an upwftrdly-opening valve, T', its orifice T, the free passage R, and the cylinder D and disk S, having a free passage, S', the downwardly-opening valve S", and its passage, all 1o substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

VILLIAM E. NICKERSON'. Vitliesses:

FRANK G. PARKER, MATTHEW M. BLUNT. 

